Articles on the Islamic (Hijri) calendar

Short guides with Quran and hadith references. Each article is also available in Urdu.

Importance of the Islamic (Hijri) Calendar in Islam

Why the Hijri calendar matters in Islam: Quran 9:36 on the twelve months, 2:189 on the new moons, and the acts of worship that depend on it.

The Four Sacred Months in Islam (Ashhur al-Hurum)

Which are the four sacred months in Islam? Dhul-Qa'dah, Dhul-Hijjah, Muharram and Rajab, with Quran 9:36 and the hadith in Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim.

Worship Tied to Hijri Dates: Ramadan, Ayyam al-Beed, Ashura, Arafah, Zakat, Hajj, Iddah

Acts of worship that depend on the Islamic date: Ramadan, Ayyam al-Beed (13–15), Ashura, Day of Arafah, the zakat year (hawl), Hajj and iddah, with references.

History of the Hijri Calendar: Umar (RA) and the Year of Hijrah

How the Hijri calendar began: Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) adopted it, counting from the Prophet's ﷺ Hijrah to Madinah in 622 CE, with Muharram as the first month.

Moon Sighting and Ruet-e-Hilal in Pakistan: How Islamic Months Begin

How the Islamic month begins in Pakistan: the sunnah of sighting the crescent, 29 or 30 days, and the role of the Central Ruet-e-Hilal Committee and zonal committees.

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